HEPES is a buffer solution (1 M), also known as N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N-2-ethane sulfonic acid. HEPES is a zwitterionic organic chemical buffering agent commonly used in cell culture media. It can maintain the pH in a range of 6.7 to 8.6, with the addition of 10 to 25 mM HEPES providing extra buffering capacity when a cell culture requires extended periods of manipulation outside of a CO2 incubator.
The HEPES buffer solution is suitable for various cell culture systems as it is membrane impermeable, has a limited effect on biochemical reactions, and is chemically and enzymatically stable. The solution is prepared in cell culture-grade water.